Saturday, May 23, 2020

Happiness In Fahrenheit 451 And Krakauer - 1138 Words

What makes people truly happy? Is it money? Or is it something more modest like knowledge? There’s no right answer to this question, even if it may feel like there’s one definitive choice. Both Bradbury, in his novel Fahrenheit 451, and Krakauer, in Into the Wild, depict different states of happiness in both major and minor characters. Most importantly, Montag, in 451, and McCandless, in Wild, both search for their own positions on happiness since the definition they were handed does not resonate within them. Some may argue that they should accept the lives they were handed, instead of searching for themselves. Either way, it can be decided that some forms of happiness that are pumped through subtle subliminal messaging can be taken with†¦show more content†¦Overall, Montag’s displeasure in the definition of happiness society gave him, lead him to finding out the truth and finding out who he truly is inside. Next is McCandless, in Krakauer’s Wild, whom is an actual person that existed: which means that this is a real life society being interpreted. Now, he had everything you could have imagined, money, and a social life: still he dreamed of going to Alaska, a place for â€Å"dreamers and misfits† in his mind. (Krakauer 4) His search for happiness is because he’s dissatisfied with his life, even with money life is not perfect. His journey revolves around suspense, abandonment, and overall, survival skills. He does stay in touch after he escapes, sending small postcards every now and then, but ultimately he decides to go his own way to â€Å"live amongst the wild† (69). He leaves his mother, Billie, father, Samuel, and his sister, Carine behind, and even with the postcards he sends, they all go through his pseudonym, Alex. His love for the outdoors in his early life pays off for early survival, and throughout the journey he is quite pleased with his new life. Ye s, he threw away scholarships, sports, and other activities for basically, a journey to death all because of his â€Å"undisciplined imagination† and his drive to pursue it â€Å" with a zeal bordering on obsession† (134). He loved nature, mountain climbing, and overall the dangers of it, even if he was

Monday, May 18, 2020

Struggles and Tensions in Death of a Salesman by Arthur...

In drama, struggles and tensions within the lives of characters and the situations they face are important for the building of the plot and maintaining the attention of the audience. In Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and Fences by August Wilson, the main characters of the plays face struggles which move the plot along, while adding anticipation and excitement. Willy and Troy face struggles internally and externally with society. Willy struggles with failing business, while Troy struggles with feelings of being segregated form society. Both men also face conflicts with their marriages and with their relationships with their sons. These struggles are evident throughout the entire play and are enhanced by many examples.†¦show more content†¦His whole life has been built around his job and building a financially stable household. Now he struggles to keep a steady income. Willy understands societys emphasis on the importance of a profitable worker. Linda says, A smal l man can be just as exhausted as a great man. He works for a company for thirty-six years this March, opens up unheard-of territories to their trademark, and now in his old age they take his salary away (Miller 1713). Willy works his whole life with a stable job, which is suddenly jeopardized. Willy struggles internally with feelings of worthlessness because of his job situation. In his interview with the Paris Review, Miller says Willy believes a man who experiences failure in society and in business has no right to live (2035). In her work titled Marxism and the Early Plays of Aurther Miller, Helge Nilsen states, Human beings are sacrificed to economic interests in ways that are not only immoral, but even criminal in nature (2038). Society places a huge emphasis on a persons economic status, and Willy begins to struggle with this immensely. Willy falls victim by the free play of economic forces, and this is a main conflict theme in the play (Nilsen 2039). In Fences, the ch aracter Troy also faces conflict with society. His conflicts are not necessarily based on economic problems, but rather on feelings of injustice brought on by the white race. Troy believes the white man is out to destroy the blackShow MoreRelatedDeath of a Salesman by Arthur Miller811 Words   |  3 PagesIn the plays Fences by August Wilson and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, two types of father-son relationships are shown. The difference in the relationship causes each son from the play to result in a different way of life. Troy Maxson, from Fences, has an unfulfilled dream which causes a jealousy of his son, and a dominant relationship. This causes tension and bitterness between them and continues to affect his son Cory is more ways than one. Willy, from Death of a Salesman, is always expectingRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmanagement school also reported: I can’t believe it. I went for my second interview with a company last week, and I spent the first half-day participating in simulation exercises with ten other job candidates. They videotaped me playing the role of a salesman handling an irate customer, a new director of personnel putting down a revolt by the â€Å"old guard,† and a plant manager trying to convince people of the need to install a radically new production process. Boy, was I unprepared for that! The message

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The ID, Ego and Superego in Lord of the Flies - 1468 Words

The exemplification of Freud’s id, superego, and ego: A look at Jack, Piggy, Simon and Ralph within The Lord of the Flies Freud primarily subscribed to the idea that there are two energies that drive human behavior. These two energies are sex – the pleasure principle and aggression. The human mind is comprised of the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. Within the realms of the mind, the human personality is controlled by the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is driven by the pleasure principle. The superego is the instinctual moral good, which aims to please the ego ideal, or the magnified moral values. The ego interacts with both the id and the superego and aims to please both components (Connors).†¦show more content†¦Simon is the one boy who never participates in destructive behaviors and always contributes to the well being of the boys. He continues to work even after everyone stops, gives Piggy food when no one else will, and speaks his mind about the beast. He is also the only one to realize that the true beast is inside the boys. Simon’s moral compass, mu ch like the superego, allows him to see the evil of mankind. Simon is whole-heartedly good. The superego attempts to lead a person to the morally right pathway, much like Simon aims to show Ralph how he can do what’s best for the tribe. The primitive nature of the others overpowers Simon’s internal good nature. Even after his death, Simon’s moral nature lives on through the boys similar to how the superego can continue to shine after a person follows the desires of the id. Ralph’s character embodies the ego. The ego is the rational aspect of the mind. Ralph’s rationality is exhibited in his role as leader. He focuses on the idea of being rescued and organizes the fires as a mode of getting the attention of a rescue ship. He works on building shelters for the members of the tribe. He attempts to keep meetings organized and establishes the role of the conch to keep order. Ralph makes the decisions for the good of the group. He holds debate s and always aims to have the group stick together, despite Jack’s constant attempts to breakShow MoreRelatedId Ego And Superego In William Goldings Lord Of The Flies1013 Words   |  5 PagesThe book Lord of The Flies, by William Golding has the theory of Freud’s Id, Ego, and Superego characterized throughout the actions of boys who had to try to survive after being stranded on an island while escaping the war. When using Freud’s theory, the character, In the book Lord of the Flies it explains Piggy himself as a character, the superego of Freud’s theory, and Piggy being portrayed as the superego come together to piece a great story together showing us all the part of the subconsciousRead MoreAn Allegory of Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalysis Theory in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies936 Words   |  4 PagesSigmund Freud, an Austrian psychologist, once said that â€Å"the ego is not master in its own house.† The novelLord of the Flies, written by William Golding, is an allegory for Sigmund Freud’s theory on the superego, the ego, and the id, and the constant struggle between the three psyches, which leads to a man becomingcrazy. The three characters in the novel which represent the three psyches are; the Lord of the Flies, Ralph, and Simon. The island that the boys are stranded on can be interpretedRead MoreLord Of The Flies Freud Analysis884 Words   |  4 PagesPersonality Theory in Lord of the Flies William Golding’s novel, Lord of the Flies, showcases Sigmund Freud’s personality theory. This theory states that there are three major personalities that everyone can fit into. Three characters from Lord of the Flies: Jack, Ralph, and Piggy, fit into Freud’s personalities of id, ego, and superego respectively. The id is Freud’s definition of the irrational, animalistic part of the mind (Structure of Mind: Freuds Id, Ego, Superego). Jack, the lead choirRead MoreLord of the Flies, by William Golding1055 Words   |  5 Pages In William Goldings Lord of the Flies a group of English school boys crash land onto an uninhabited island somewhere in the Mid Atlantic ocean. Ralph, the protagonist and also the elected leader, tries to maintain peace and avoid any calamity on the island. However, Jack is neither willing to contribute nor listen because he is jealous of Ralph and has a sickening obsession with killing boars. Ralph has some good traits that help him maintain peace and balance for a period of time. He is charismaticRead MoreLord Of The Flies By William Golding1383 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Lord of the Flies is still a Blueprint for Savagery by Eleanor Learmonth and Jenny Tabakoff, the words â€Å"I’m afraid. Of us† first appeared in Golding’s nove l 60 years ago. Lord of the Flies by William Golding follows a group of schoolboys trapped on an island after a plane crash during a world war. At the beginning, they celebrate as they have total autonomy as there are no adults around. They attempt to establish a civilization but when order collapses, they go on a journey from civilizationRead MoreLord Of The Flies Psychological Analysis817 Words   |  4 PagesStructures in Lord of the Flies- Prompt C Freud’s psychological structures can be identified throughout the novel of Lord of the Flies. Lord of the flies is a 1954 novel written by Nobel prize winner William Golding. In this novel, a group of school boys crashed onto an uninhabited island and must survive or get rescued while facing many obstacles along the way. This happens during World War II. The psychological structures in the Lord of the Flies is the Id, Ego, and the Superego. In Lord of the FliesRead MoreSigmund Freud s Lord Of The Flies1136 Words   |  5 Pagespsychoanalysis and a book about young boys trapped on an island would have many connections. But after reading Lord of the Flies and learning about Sigmund Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis, you can see that the book and the theory share many connections. The main concept of Freud’s theory is that there are three components of the human mind, the Id, Ego, and Superego; and in Lord of the Flies three influential characters all seem to repr esent these three parts. Whether Golding did this on purpose orRead MoreLord Of The Flies Pig Head Analysis1023 Words   |  5 Pages2017 The Symbolic Meaning of the Lord of the Flies â€Å"We are civilized people, which means that we are all savages at heart but observing a few amenities of civilized behaviour.† Tennessee Williams, a prize winning playwright once stated about civilized humans. In the book Lord of the Flies by William Golding this quote depicts what the book is trying to point out and display to us. The quote ties in with the pig head on a stick, otherwise known as the Lord of the Flies. The pig head was killed barbaricallyRead MoreLord Of The Flies Psychology Essay737 Words   |  3 Pagesnovel â€Å"The Lord of the Flies† , by William Golding there are three main characters with three unique personalities. The three characters in the novel, Jack, Ralph, and Piggy each correspond to a personality from Sigmund Freud’s Theory. Freuds theory of personality argues that human behavior is a result of the communications among three fundamental parts of the mind: the id, ego, and superego. In the novel Jack resides to Id, Ralph wit h ego, and Piggy with super-ego. The personality element Id is a componentRead MoreAnalysis Of Lord Of The Flies 1581 Words   |  7 Pagesdo evil, but by those who watch them without doing anything.† In Lord of the Flies there are many types of people, the evil, the in between, and the good. Known by Sigmund Freud as the Id, the Ego, and the Superego. The Id is the more dominate character, they want what they want and do not care about reality or societal norms. The Ego is the balance of the desires of the Ids, and the realities of the Superegos. Lastly the Superego is the moral or reasoning in us, they are developed by rules and authority

Deception Point Page 68 Free Essays

The answers he got were hard to swallow. Apparently the CIA had been prepared to move on this cell months before and was simply waiting for the high-res satellite photos so that they could plan a pinpoint attack on the terrorists’ mountain hideout in Afghanistan. Those photos were scheduled to be taken by the $1. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception Point Page 68 or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2 billion NRO satellite code-named Vortex 2, the same satellite that had been blown up on the launchpad by its NASA launch vehicle. Because of the NASA accident, the CIA strike had been postponed, and now Diana Pickering had died. Pickering’s mind told him that NASA had not been directly responsible, but his heart found it hard to forgive. The investigation of the rocket explosion revealed that the NASA engineers responsible for the fuel injections system had been forced to use second-rate materials in an effort to stay on budget. â€Å"For nonmanned flights,† Lawrence Ekstrom explained in a press conference, â€Å"NASA strives for cost-effectiveness above all. In this case, the results were admittedly not optimal. We will be looking into it.† Not optimal. Diana Pickering was dead. Furthermore, because the spy satellite was classified, the public never learned that NASA had disintegrated a $1.2 billion NRO project, and along with it, indirectly, numerous American lives. â€Å"Sir?† Pickering’s secretary’s voice came over his intercom, startling him. â€Å"Line one. It’s Marjorie Tench.† Pickering shook himself out of his daze and looked at his telephone. Again? The blinking light on line one seemed to pulse with an irate urgency. Pickering frowned and took the call. â€Å"Pickering here.† Tench’s voice was seething mad. â€Å"What did she tell you?† â€Å"I’m sorry?† â€Å"Rachel Sexton contacted you. What did she tell you? She was on a submarine, for God’s sake! Explain that!† Pickering could tell immediately that denying the fact was not an option; Tench had been doing her homework. Pickering was surprised she’d found out about the Charlotte, but she’d apparently thrown her weight around until she got some answers. â€Å"Ms. Sexton contacted me, yes.† â€Å"You arranged a pickup. And you didn’t contact me?† â€Å"I arranged transport. That is correct.† Two hours remained until Rachel Sexton, Michael Tolland, and Corky Marlinson were scheduled to arrive at the nearby Bollings Air Force Base. â€Å"And yet you chose not to inform me?† â€Å"Rachel Sexton has made some very disturbing accusations.† â€Å"Regarding the authenticity of the meteorite†¦ and some kind of attack on her life?† â€Å"Among other things.† â€Å"Obviously, she is lying.† â€Å"You are aware she is with two others who corroborate her story?† Tench paused. â€Å"Yes. Most disturbing. The White House is very concerned by their claims.† â€Å"The White House? Or you personally?† Her tone turned razor sharp. â€Å"As far as you are concerned, director, there is no difference tonight.† Pickering was unimpressed. He was no stranger to blustering politicians and support staff trying to establish footholds over the intel community. Few put up as strong a front as Marjorie Tench. â€Å"Does the President know you’re calling me?† â€Å"Frankly, director, I’m shocked that you would even entertain these lunatic ravings.† You didn’t answer my question. â€Å"I see no logical reason for these people to lie. I have to assume they are either telling the truth, or they have made an honest mistake.† â€Å"Mistake? Claims of attacks? Flaws in the meteorite data that NASA never saw? Please! This is an obvious political ploy.† â€Å"If so, the motives escape me.† Tench sighed heavily and lowered her voice. â€Å"Director, there are forces at work here of which you might not be aware. We can speak about that at length later, but at the moment I need to know where Ms. Sexton and the others are. I need to get to the bottom of this before they do any lasting damage. Where are they?† â€Å"That is not information I am comfortable sharing. I will contact you after they arrive.† â€Å"Wrong. I will be there to greet them when they arrive.† You and how many Secret Service agents? Pickering wondered. â€Å"If I inform you of their arrival time and location, will we all have a chance to chat like friends, or do you intend to have a private army take them into custody?† â€Å"These people pose a direct threat to the President. The White House has every right to detain and question them.† Pickering knew she was right. Under Title 18, Section 3056 of the United States Code, agents of the U.S. Secret Service can carry firearms, use deadly force, and make â€Å"un-warranted† arrests simply on suspicion that a person has committed or is intending to commit a felony or any act of aggression against the president. The service possessed carte blanche. Regular detainees included unsavory loiterers outside the White House and school kids who sent threatening e-mail pranks. Pickering had no doubt the service could justify dragging Rachel Sexton and the others into the basement of the White House and keeping them there indefinitely. It would be a dangerous play, but Tench clearly realized the stakes were huge. The question was what would happen next if Pickering allowed Tench to take control. He had no intention of finding out. â€Å"I will do whatever is necessary,† Tench declared, â€Å"to protect the President from false accusations. The mere implication of foul play will cast a heavy shadow on the White House and NASA. Rachel Sexton has abused the trust the President gave her, and I have no intention of seeing the President pay the price.† â€Å"And if I request that Ms. Sexton be permitted to present her case to an official panel of inquiry?† â€Å"Then you would be disregarding a direct presidential order and giving her a platform from which to make a goddamn political mess! I will ask you one more time, director. Where are you flying them?† Pickering exhaled a long breath. Whether or not he told Marjorie Tench that the plane was coming into Bollings Air Force Base, he knew she had the means to find out. The question was whether or not she would do it. He sensed from the determination in her voice that she would not rest. Marjorie Tench was scared. â€Å"Marjorie,† Pickering said, with unmistakable clarity of tone. â€Å"Someone is lying to me. Of this I am certain. Either it is Rachel Sexton and two civilian scientists-or it is you. I believe it is you.† Tench exploded. â€Å"How dare-â€Å" â€Å"Your indignity has no resonance with me, so save it. You would be wise to know that I have absolute proof NASA and the White House broadcast untruths tonight.† Tench fell suddenly silent. Pickering let her reel a moment. â€Å"I’m not looking for a political meltdown any more than you are. But there have been lies. Lies that cannot stand. If you want me to help you, you’ve got to start by being honest with me.† Tench sounded tempted but wary. â€Å"If you’re so certain there were lies, why haven’t you stepped forward?† â€Å"I don’t interfere in political matters.† Tench muttered something that sounded a lot like â€Å"bullshit.† â€Å"Are you trying to tell me, Marjorie, that the President’s announcement tonight was entirely accurate?† There was a long silence on the line. Pickering knew he had her. â€Å"Listen, we both know this is a time bomb waiting to explode. But it’s not too late. There are compromises we can make.† Tench said nothing for several seconds. Finally she sighed. â€Å"We should meet.† Touchdown, Pickering thought. â€Å"I have something to show you,† Tench said. â€Å"And I believe it will shed some light on this matter.† How to cite Deception Point Page 68, Essay examples

The Advantages and Disadvantages of a Computer free essay sample

Computers help us develop Computers help us find out and analyze any kind of information. It makes us think, thus, evolve. Develop this idea in your essay on the advantages and disadvantages of a computer. We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages and Disadvantages of a Computer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Computers help us talk to people from all over the world With the help of computers and the Internet, we can talk to people from different countries, and even see them. So, is it not an essential argument about computers to present in the essay on the advantages and disadvantages of a computer? The essay on the advantages and disadvantages of a computer: Computers have a harmful impact on people’s health The most hazardous part of any computer is its screen. Due to it, users can get 2 types of radiation: X-ray and electromagnetic radiation. Both types influence health and our eyesight in particular. Develop this idea in your essay on the advantages and disadvantages of a computer. Computers make people addicted Do you know that the Chinese scientists consider the Internet and computer addiction to be a serious psychological problem? They actually do, and you can include this fact into your essay on the advantages and disadvantages of a computer. When talking about such computer addiction in your essay on the advantages and disadvantages of a computer, present the â€Å"symptoms† of this addiction. Computers hamper people’s development in real life We do not read printed books anymore, since we can listen to audio books or read books online. We spend less time with our beloved people, since we would rather talk to someone online. If you know what we are talking about, you will have no difficulties when developing this idea in your essay on the advantages and disadvantages of a computer.

Sunday, May 3, 2020

John Rocker Essay Example For Students

John Rocker Essay Imagine having to take the (No.) 7 train to (Shea Stadium) looking like youre (in) Beirut next to some kid with purple hair, next to some queer with AIDS, right next to some dude who got out of jail for the fourth time, right next to some 20-year-old mom with four kids.Its depressing.The biggest thing I dont like about New York are the foreigners, the 25-year-old Georgia native said. You can walk an entire block in Times Square and not hear anybody speaking English. Asians and Koreans and Vietnamese and Indians and Russians and Spanish people and everything up there. How the hell did they get in this country? These were the words spoken from Atlanta Braves Pitcher John Rocker in a December issue of Sports Illustrated. Those powerful lines are what people are chatting over. Should we forgive him, or should we throw him in jail? Those are only a couple opinions that are swirling around on what Major League Baseball should do. I, in no way agree with what Mr. Rocker is saying, however h e is being treated is fair. Society does not accept these kinds of statements and let people get away with them. There are too many people who will repeat and talk about what you say, especially if it is the wrong thing. If you are an athlete or a popular figure becareful what comes out, and do not say stupid things at the wrong time, because there are reporters who will try ease drop or try to see what will come out when a particular person is about to say something. The reporters in this world will give people such a bad image so fast that the person they quote will not have time to think of what he or she just said. It is a problem that Rocker said these things, but it should not have been such a big deal. It was on the news twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. People were really starting to get sick of it. It seems as if the media now a days controls what happens and whats goes on. Why John Rocker was so upset is because of how the people of New York treated him while he was there. If they treated an other person like they did Rocker im sure that same person would have said something also it just would not have been noticed like Rockers comments. The people of New York spit at him, said rude things about his family, and just behaved in an awful manner, to the point were he lost his temper and composure, and he said things he probably did not really mean. Rocker went off on the Coach of the New York Mets even.( Sports Illustrated Magazine Pg 64) When he was asked about how he felt about Mets Mangager Bobby Valentine, The guy is not a professional, could you see Joe Torre or my manager Bobby Cox getting thrown out of a game and then putting on a Gruncho marx disguise and sneaking back into the dugout? If a player got kicked out fo a game and did that Joe Torre would probably suspend him for a week Bobby Cox would demand that the player be traded and tell him not to comeback. The Mets manager did that! That and his college rah rahs. I dont like it!!! (www.rockersucks.com) Now these comments in society will get a person like john in trouble. Every New York and every sports radio show was talking about John Rocker. People should never criticize another player or employee. Though people were getting tired and sick of all the coverage it was getting. The media takes things too far and sometimes causes the problem Rocker was a victim of this. The word affected people differently. Some really did not care, others thought, Who does this guy think he is? In our Society people do not accept words like Rocker said without it being a big thing. When it was just the New York fans that hated him for talking back with the fans in the playoffs American vieweres applauded. It was basically all in good fun. His manager was asked routinely about Rockers behavior. Rocker said,Why would he say something to me? I mean we were winning. (SportsIllustrated Magazine pg 60) Which is a good point. He just took it too far and got caught up in the moment and said the wrong things when as ked about it. Now some people in their different ways are fighting back with their words and letters. Some are going so far as to making websites such as Rocksucks.com A posting from Michelle said, You are the most hideous man I have ever laid eyes on. I hope your baseball career is short just like your intelligence. (www.rockersuck.com) David said, you are a disgrace to the game of baseball, maybe you sould think before you shoot your big fat mouth. You are an Immature punk who is lucky to be in the majors. Get some class!!! (www.rockersucks.com) His very own teamate who has decided to remain annonymous said, he can get crazy. He has a real short fuse, when it goes off its probably better not to be around. Maybe this is why he said those things he was really mad so Michelle and David do not be so upset have not people said things that they did not mean? Everyone says things they do not mean, nobodys perfect. The last comment from Michael is going too far michael says, My mouth is w atering for that day when you step foot in Shea once again. This time Im bringing D batteries. Now this is going just a little too far. D batteries someone is going to get seriously hurt. There better be extra security for that game. European art comics EssayNow to John Rockers punishment. Was his punishment of $25,000 severe enough with suspension of a month, or should he have been punished in the first place? His first step was his apology. Then he had to undergo sychological tests. (Trivalley herald C-1) Bud Selig said, That he would wait and see the evaluation notes before any dicipline. Soon there after, Rocker had been suspended for the first mont of baseball and fined $25,000.(palmbeach newspaper pg C-3) Should a player be punished for words alone? Later that month an abritrator or ruler ruled that Rocker would be suspended 10 games and cut his fine to $500.(palmbeach newspaper pg C-3) What is the point of punishing someone if it is just going to be overturned this is really confusing. Soon there after John Rocker begged his teammates to let him play. He apologized for all the distractions he has caused but will it be enough to gain fogiveness?Now, why should he have been punished so hard in the first pl ace? There are plenty of athletes who are doing and have done worse things and are still playing and were not punished. It was rude and unexcusable, but there are worse things to punish then Rocker and his words. Yes Rocker was wrong and yes Rocker should be disliked but there a worse things in life then peoples words and this should have not been as a big deal as it was. Rocker is an ordinary guy who is caught up in the emotional part of a ball game and people should fogive and forget. Sure he acted like a jerk but people deserve a second chance and that is what society gives us. In our society we love to give people second chances, third chances, and so on. Just look at Daryl Strawberry how many times has he been caught with cocaine? People lets forgive and forget and give John Rocker a second chance just like everyone else that has done wrong has gotten a second chance. He deserves one he paid his crime, and he apologized for what he had said its time to drop the subject of John Rocker and start worrying about other things that effect our society rather than a few harsh words. John Rocker deserves another chance so give it to him!!! Bibliography:sports illustrated magazine, john muckruck,dec. 1999